Omeprazole

Administration

• Type: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
• Dosage Forms: Tablets or capsules of 10, 20, 40, 80mg. Powder of omeprazole sodium for IV.
• Routes of Administration: PO, IV
• Common Trade Names: Prilosec

Adult Dosing

GERD

• 20mg PO once daily, taken about 1 hour before meals

Peptic ulcers

• 40mg PO daily

Zollinger Ellison syndrome

• 60mg PO q8-24h

Pediatric Dosing

GERD

• <1 year: Safety and efficacy not established
• 5-10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay
• 10-20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay
• >20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay

Erosive Esophagitis

• <1 month: Safety and efficacy not established
• Aged 1 month to <1 year
  • 3 to <5 kg: 2.5 mg qDay
  • 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg qDay
  • ≥10 kg: 10 mg qDay
• Aged 1-16 years
  • 5 to <10 kg: 5 mg PO qDay
  • 10 to <20 kg: 10 mg PO qDay
  • ≥20 kg: 20 mg PO qDay

Special Populations

• Pregnancy Rating: C
• Lactation risk: May be present in milk

Renal Dosing

• No adjustment

Hepatic Dosing

• Not studied

Contraindications

• Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

• Agranulocytosis
• Fractures, osteoporosis-related
• Hepatotoxicity
• Pancreatitis
• Interstitial nephritis
• Rhabdomyolysis

Common

• Headache, dizziness
• Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, acid regurgitation, constipation
• URI, cough
• Rash
• Gastric polyps
• Alopecia
• Atrophic gastritis

Pharmacology

• Half-life: 1-1.2 hours
• Metabolism: Hepatic (CYP2C19, CYP3A4)
• Excretion: Urine

Mechanism of Action

• PPI; binds to H+/K+-exchanging ATPase (proton pump) in gastric parietal cells, resulting in suppression of basal and stimulated acid secretion

See Also

• Proton-pump inhibitor